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OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the clinical treatment outcomes and the changes of the outcomes over time in extremely preterm twins in Guangdong Province, China.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed for 269 pairs of extremely preterm twins with a gestational age of <28 weeks who were admitted to the department of neonatology in 26 grade A tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province from January 2008 to December 2017. According to the admission time, they were divided into two groups: 2008-2012 and 2013-2017. Besides, each pair of twins was divided into the heavier infant and the lighter infant subgroups according to birth weight. The perinatal data of mothers and hospitalization data of neonates were collected. The survival rate of twins and the incidence rate of complications were compared between the 2008-2012 and 2013-2017 groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the 2008-2012 group, the 2013-2017 group (both the heavier infant and lighter infant subgroups) had lower incidence rates of severe asphyxia and smaller head circumference at birth (P<0.05). The mortality rates of both of the twins, the heavier infant of the twins, and the lighter infant of the twins were lower in the 2013-2017 group compared with the 2008-2012 group (P<0.05). Compared with the 2008-2012 group, the 2013-2017 group (both the heavier infant and lighter infant subgroups) had lower incidence rates of pulmonary hemorrhage, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage (P-IVH), and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) and a higher incidence rate of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#There is a significant increase in the survival rate over time in extremely preterm twins with a gestational age of <28 weeks in the 26 grade A tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province. The incidences of severe asphyxia, pulmonary hemorrhage, PDA, P-IVH, and NRDS decrease in both the heavier and lighter infants of the twins, but the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia increases. With the improvement of diagnosis and treatment, the multidisciplinary collaboration between different fields of fetal medicine including prenatal diagnosis, obstetrics, and neonatology is needed in the future to jointly develop management strategies for twin pregnancy.
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Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia/epidemiology , Gestational Age , Infant, Extremely Premature , Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Xanthoceras sorbifolia, an excellent oil-rich woody species, has high comprehensive economic value in edible, medicinal, and ornamental fields. The chemical composition, pharmacological effect, and quality control of X. sorbifolia were introduced, and its development and application were reviewed in this study. As revealed by the previous research, the main chemical constituents of X. sorbifolia were triterpenoids, flavonoids, fatty acids, phenylpropanoids, steroids, phenolic acids, organic acids, etc. It possesses pharmacological effects, such as neuroprotection, bacteriostasis, anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, anti-inflammation, analgesia, anti-HIV, and anti-coagulation. X. sorbifolia is widely applied in medical, food, chemical industry, and other fields, and deserves in-depth research and development.
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents , Flavonoids , Research , Sapindaceae , TriterpenesABSTRACT
@#AIM: To investigate the effects of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide(TA)on angiogenesis and Notch pathway in photochemistry induced branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO)model in rats. <p>METHODS: BRVO model rats were induced by photochemistry induction and randomly divided into BRVO model group and TA(1, 7, 21)d groups; at the same time, blank control group was set for comparison. The intraocular pressure of rats was measured by ophthalmotonometer; the condition of rat fundus was observed fluorescein fundus color photography(FFA)and optical coherence tomography(OCT); retinal angiogenesis related factors vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2(VEGFR2), the protein expressions of Notch pathway important factors Notch 1, Jagged 1 and DLL4 were detected in rat retina by Western blotting(WB). <p>RESULTS: In the normal control group, the fundus vessels were arranged neatly and in a clear state. In the BRVO model group, edema appeared in the fundus, the retina turned white, the arrangement of blood vessels was disordered, the optic disc pit was disappeared, retinal vessels were in the state of vasoconstriction. In TA 1, 7 and 21d groups, edema gradually decreased, blood vessels expansion and bending gradually slowed down, and the optic disc pit was restored. Compared with the blank control group, the intraocular pressure of BRVO model group increased, the thickness of the retina increased at the injured site and 250μm far from injured site, the protein expressions of VEGF, VEGFR2, Notch1 and Jagged1 increased, the protein expression of DLL4 protein was decreased(<i>P</i><0.05). Compared with the BRVO model group, in TA 1d group, the retinal thickness decreased at 250μm far from injured site, the protein expressions of VEGFR2, Notch1 and Jagged1 decreased, the protein expression of DLL4 protein increased; in TA 7d group, the retinal thickness was decreased at the injured site and 250μm far from injured site, the protein expressions of VEGFR2, Notch1 and Jagged1 decreased, the protein expression of DLL4 protein increased; the intraocular pressure of TA 21d group decreased, the thickness of the retina decreased at the injured site and 250μm far from injured site, the protein expressions of VEGF, VEGF R2, Notch1 and Jagged1 decreased, the protein expression of DLL4 protein increased(<i>P</i><0.05). <p>CONCLUSION: Vitreous injection of TA may inhibit angiogenesis by regulating Notch pathway to inhibit the activation of VEGF, thus achieving the retinal protection in BRVO rats.
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Objective: To summarize the influence patterns of related time factors on acupuncture effectiveness in different disease model rats/mice, and to provide reference for acupuncture clinical practice. Methods: Retrieved the relevant literatures on time-effect experimental studies of acupuncture in rats/mice in the recent 10 years. The correlations between the key time factors (such as different intervention timings of acupuncture, acupuncture moments, operation durations, needle-retaining times, intervals and treatment courses) and the acupuncture effect were analyzed and summarized. Results: From the mainstream perspective of quantification, the earlier the acupuncture intervention, the better. The proper time to implement acupuncture varied depending on disease models and points. The best operation time varied widely between different diseases. The most frequently needle-retaining time was 20-30 min. The frequency of acupuncture was usually 1 time/day; the length of the treatment course was determined according to practitioners' experience. Conclusion: Throughout the time-effect studies of acupuncture intervention in experimental rats/mice, conclusions are inconsistent, especially the lack of quantitative research on acupuncture operation time, acupuncture frequency, acupuncture treatment duration, and optimal stimulation amount. Future research should explore and determine the best time-quantity parameters that affect the effectiveness of acupuncture intervention, which is the key and goal of the acupuncture time-effect research. Independent intervention-time experiments throughout the entire course of a single disease (dominant disease) need to be done to guide clinical and disciplinary development.
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@#AIM: To investigate the effects of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide(TA)on angiogenesis and Notch pathway in photochemistry induced branch retinal vein occlusion(BRVO)model in rats. <p>METHODS: BRVO model rats were induced by photochemistry induction and randomly divided into BRVO model group and TA(1, 7, 21)d groups; at the same time, blank control group was set for comparison. The intraocular pressure of rats was measured by ophthalmotonometer; the condition of rat fundus was observed fluorescein fundus color photography(FFA)and optical coherence tomography(OCT); retinal angiogenesis related factors vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2(VEGFR2), the protein expressions of Notch pathway important factors Notch 1, Jagged 1 and DLL4 were detected in rat retina by Western blotting(WB). <p>RESULTS: In the normal control group, the fundus vessels were arranged neatly and in a clear state. In the BRVO model group, edema appeared in the fundus, the retina turned white, the arrangement of blood vessels was disordered, the optic disc pit was disappeared, retinal vessels were in the state of vasoconstriction. In TA 1, 7 and 21d groups, edema gradually decreased, blood vessels expansion and bending gradually slowed down, and the optic disc pit was restored. Compared with the blank control group, the intraocular pressure of BRVO model group increased, the thickness of the retina increased at the injured site and 250μm far from injured site, the protein expressions of VEGF, VEGFR2, Notch1 and Jagged1 increased, the protein expression of DLL4 protein was decreased(<i>P</i><0.05). Compared with the BRVO model group, in TA 1d group, the retinal thickness decreased at 250μm far from injured site, the protein expressions of VEGFR2, Notch1 and Jagged1 decreased, the protein expression of DLL4 protein increased; in TA 7d group, the retinal thickness was decreased at the injured site and 250μm far from injured site, the protein expressions of VEGFR2, Notch1 and Jagged1 decreased, the protein expression of DLL4 protein increased; the intraocular pressure of TA 21d group decreased, the thickness of the retina decreased at the injured site and 250μm far from injured site, the protein expressions of VEGF, VEGF R2, Notch1 and Jagged1 decreased, the protein expression of DLL4 protein increased(<i>P</i><0.05). <p>CONCLUSION: Vitreous injection of TA may inhibit angiogenesis by regulating Notch pathway to inhibit the activation of VEGF, thus achieving the retinal protection in BRVO rats.
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The occurrence and progress of tumor is the result of the interaction of heredity and epigenetics. Histone deacetylation modification,as an important epigenetic modification,plays an important role in tumorigenesis and development. The abnormal expression of histone deacetylase in normal tissues and cells promotes the development of tumor and is related to the proliferation and apoptosis,angiogenesis,metastasis and drug resistance of tumor cells,and becomes a new target of tumor therapy. Histone deacetylase inhibitors as anti-tumor drugs have a good prospect of application.
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The paper analyzes the current problems of medical students'humanistic quality and the causes,points out the necessity of strengthening the humanistic quality of medical students,and puts forward the countermeasures to be taken by libraries of medical colleges in the humanistic quality education for college students,including strengthening the construction of medical humanistic resources,doing well of medical humanistic reading guide and entrance education for new students,and strengthening reading promotion activities,etc.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the stability and degradation kinetics of Ketoprofen-Paeonol conjugate (Ket-Pae).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>RP-HPLC method was used to determine the solubility and partition coefficient of Ket-Pae. Stability test was carried out to investigate the factors affecting Ket-Pae. The kinetic studies of Ket-Pae degradation were conducted in different pH buffer solutions and 80% rat plasma at 37 degrees C.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Ket-Pae showed significant degradation phenomenon at high temperature. The solubility of Ket-Pae was decreased about 200 to 300 times compared with parent drugs in water while the lnP increased about 4 times. The degradation curve displayed a V-shape, and kept maximum stability at week acidic (pH 5.0, t(1/2) = 11.4 d). Ket-Pae degraded quickly with very short half life of 1.3 min in plasma, therefore easily released ketoprofen and paeonol.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The lipophilicity of Ket-Pae is increased, its stability is affected by temperature and pH value.</p>
Subject(s)
Acetophenones , Chemistry , Drug Stability , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Ketoprofen , Chemistry , Kinetics , SolubilityABSTRACT
AIM: To establish the preparative method of dispersible tablet of total notoginseng saponin (DTTNS) by powder direct compression,and to evaluate it pharmaceutical characteristics. METHODS: The effect of factors on the disintegration of DT-TNS was investigated by single factor method,and the formulation was optimized through orthogonal design. RESULTS: The disintegration time of DT-TNS containing 40% total notoginseng saponin was within 1 min while the formulation mainly consisted of 49% MCC as filler,12% of PVPP mixed with 3% L-HPC as disintegrating agent. In addition,the dissolution of DT-TNS was almost finished in 10-15 min. CONCLUSION: The preparative method of DT-TNS by powder direct compression is simple,with short disintegration time and high dissolution rate.